Welcome back to Part 2 of the Trips With Tykes complete guide to car seats on airplanes. The goal of this guide is to answer every question you've ever had (and probably a few you've never had) about traveling on planes with kids and car seats. Part 2 covers car seat use during the parts of your journey when you are on the plane and in the air with your child.
Don't miss the other parts of the guide here:
- Part 1: Car Seats at the Airport
- Part 2: Car Seats on the Plane (you are here)
- Part 3: Car Seats at Your Destination
(Trips With Tykes uses affiliate links which means I may earn a small commission if you purchase through links in this post. See our full disclosure policy linked in the menu at the bottom of this site.)
Car Seats on Airplanes Part 2: Car Seats On the Plane
6. Should I use a car seat on planes for my child?
This is probably the most controversial air travel parenting question of all. First, let's cover what is required. The bottom line is that federal aviation rules do not require that a child of any age use a car seat on a plane at all. In addition, children who have not yet reached their second birthdays may travel as lap children. Whether to use a car seat on board (and whether babies and toddlers even have a seat at all) is entirely up to you and your discretion as a parent.
Whether more should be required is the subject of much debate. All the experts (and I don't profess to be one) agree that the safest place for a baby or young child on a plane is restrained in their own seat in an approved child restraint system. Many airlines have language on their websites encouraging parents to use car seats for kids. While a car seat probably isn't going to do anything to save your child in the case of a major airplane crash, it can protect against more minor incidents like serious turbulence or a hard landing.
I bought a seat for my kids when they were babies and toddlers probably about half the time (as much because of comfort as safety), but have also traveled with them as lap children in a several circumstances.
The bottom line?: This is your call. The safest option is with a car seat, but we all make calculated risks on a daily basis as parents.
7. If I want to use a car seat, can I bring my car seat on board the plane?
Yes (with a few exceptions). If you have a seat booked for your child and are traveling with a car seat that is approved for use in aircraft by the FAA, then you can bring and use a car seat on board for your child.
Almost all seats from major manufacturers like Graco, Britax, Chicco, and others are FAA-approved, but bring your manual or look for the sticker on the side of your seat just in case a crew member gives you a hard time (it happened to a friend of mine). Car seats will say "This Restraint is Certified for Use in Motor Vehicles and Aircraft." Plenty of seats from other countries are allowed as well if they have a label showing approval of a foreign government or a label showing manufacture under the standards of the United Nations.
Just in case you need official confirmation, here are the rules on car seat use on planes from the FAA (I'd encourage parents to print or bookmark this circular to have in a pinch!):
No certificate holder may prohibit a child from using an approved CRS when the parent/guardian purchases a ticket for the child. (Certificate holders are encouraged to allow the use of empty seats to accommodate CRS; however, they are not required to allow unticketed children to occupy empty passenger seats, even if the child uses a CRS.)
If you have a baby or toddler traveling as a lap child, the only way you can bring a car seat on board is if you know you will have access to an open seat. Check with the gate agent to make arrangements beforehand if a flight is not full to secure an extra seat.
8. Will my car seat fit in the airplane seats?
Probably, with the right preparation. Airplane seats seem to keep getting narrower and narrower and car seats are getting bigger and bigger. This means that some of the bulkiest car seats won't fit in the narrowest airplane seats. Bulkhead seats are especially problematic as the tray tables stored in the armrests make the seats slightly narrower (the armrests in bulkhead seats also won't raise up to give you extra space).
Consider traveling with a more compact car seat model. I've never had any issues with the Cosco Scenera NEXT which is highly-rated, inexpensive, light, and usable rear and forward facing. Measure your car seat; as long as it is under 16 inches wide at the span about where the armrests will hit, it should fit.
Need other ideas? Check out my guide to the best car seats and boosters for air travel for seats that are tried and true for my family on planes!
9. What if my car seat doesn't fit?
FAA rules require that if an approved car seat doesn't fit, the airline has the "responsibility to accommodate the CRS in another seat in the same class of service." This means the airline may move you around to find a place where the car seat will fit. But don't create hassles for yourself needlessly.
But don't create a hassle for yourself by bringing about a car seat that isn't likely to fit. Before you travel with your gigantic Escalade of a car seat (you don't want to lug the heavy ones, I promise!), consider getting a more compact and cheaper one for air travel.
10. Can I use my car seat rear facing?
Yes. If your FAA-approved car seat is approved for rear-facing in a car and your child is within the weight/height limits of the seat to rear face, you can also rear face on the plane.
Even though the rules permit rear facing seats, this can be a source of some confusion and conflict. Sometimes flight attendants will ask you turn your car seat around because rear-facing seats often block the recline of the person in front of you. This is incorrect. Be polite, but stand firm, particularly in the case of infant seats that are not approved for forward-facing use at all.
If you find yourself in this awkward situation, you can always offer to buy a drink for the inconvenienced person in front of you or to have another traveler in your party sit in that seat (if that is possible given your traveling party companions).
11. Are there seats on the plane in which car seats are not allowed?
Yes. Car seats are obviously not allowed in exit rows (nor are any kids under age 15). But car seats are also not allowed in any seats where they would block the exit paths of others in the row.
In a single aisle plane with a 3-3 configuration, for example, this means that car seats are for the most part allowed only in the window seats. The car seat could also go in a middle seat if the window seat in the same row was empty, as the key question is whether an exit path is blocked for other passengers.
On double aisle planes, like a 2-4-2 seat configuration, car seats can be (for all intents and purposes) installed in either of the two window seats in the side sections or in the two center seats of the middle section.
12. Can I use car seats in business or first class?
It depends. Car seats may not always work in every premium cabin. In domestic first class cabins (the ones with the slightly wider seats with more legroom that aren't in fancy pods and don't lie flat), car seats should nearly always work.
But on many international premium cabins, the seats are so specialized that a car seat can't be installed properly. Call your airline to see if you can get advice in advance and also check out the aircraft and seat types used on your flight using SeatGuru.com. Remember if you are traveling with a smaller infant that many international flights offer a bassinet in some bulkhead rows so those seats may work better for your family if you simply are looking for a little extra space.
13. Can I use a booster seat on the plane?
No. Booster seats are not approved for use in planes by the FAA. The good news is that most of the low backed ones are small enough to stow in airplane overhead bins. So if you need one at your destination for use in a car, you can just carry it along with you without checking it.
For even more space saving, consider packing a BubbleBum inflatable booster for your children who are 4 years and 40+ pounds to take on your travels for use at your destination. It is one of my favorite products for travel with older kids. See my complete guide to the best car seats and boosters for air travel for all the options on the market today.
The one exception to this no-booster use rule is for combination car seats that can either be used with an included 5 point harness or with a seatbelt in booster mode. As long as you are using the seat in 5 point harness mode, it should be approved.
14. Are there any alternatives to a car seat for use on the plane?
Yes! We have regularly used the CARES harness, which is a simple set of straps that connect to the airplane seat belt, turning it into a 5 point harness. CARES is the only device other than a car seat that is FAA approved for use on taxi, takeoff and landing in addition to in-flight.
When my son was a toddler/preschooler, we found CARES to be so much more compact that lugging a huge car seat through the airport. On the few occasions we traveled with my son as a lap child, we were also able to use it if there was an empty seat on the plane for him too. I highly, highly recommend the CARES harness once your kids have reached the 22 pound weight minimum. It solves so many of the car seat hassles.
Of course, if you need a car seat at your destination as well, CARES won't work for that. So consider this option for travels when you need to restrain your kiddo safely on the plane but when you already have car seat arrangements at your final destination (or won't need a car seat because you plan to use public transit for example).
15. If I don't use my car seat on board, is there any where to stow it?
No. The vast majority of car seats are too big to fit in airplane overhead bins. There is also not another storage space big enough on board to stow them. You either need to be prepared to use your car seat on board the entire time or check it ahead of time, either at the ticket counter or the gate.
One of the very few exceptions to this rule is the new WAYB Pico car seat for kids ages 2-5. The Pico folds small enough to fit in an overhead bin! Check out my full WAYB Pico review to see if this seat is right for you.
16. What if a crew member tells me I cannot use a car seat or that I must use it in a certain way that I know to be wrong?
It happens. In fact, it happened to a friend of mine who was told she could not use her son's FAA-approved car seat during takeoff and landing. Her husband was made to hold their child in his lap for the two most dangerous parts of the flight or he would not be permitted to fly (even though they had purchased a seat for the baby). Crew members are fallible human beings who can be mistaken or forget their training.
If it happens to you, be prepared by having the relevant FAA rules and airline's rules printed or bookmarked on your phone. Have documentation that your car seat is FAA-approved (either the sticker on the side of your car seat or the manual itself). Be polite but firm if it is a matter of safety at stake. Ask the crew member to check his or her manual or to check with another flight attendant for clarification. Whatever you do, keep cool or you can find yourself at risk of being thrown off a plane for disobeying crew instructions. Usually all of this will be enough for a successful resolution, but if not, be sure to complain to your airline (and perhaps a consumer advocate or journalist) after the fact.
Here's a link to the relevant car seat rules for the major US airlines so you can be prepared for your next flight:
- Alaska Airlines
- American Airlines
- Delta Airlines
- Frontier Airlines
- Hawaiian Airlines
- JetBlue (and be sure to check out my complete guide to flying JetBlue with kids)
- Southwest Airlines (and be sure to check out my complete guide to flying Southwest Airlines with kids)
- Spirit Airlines
- United Airlines (and be sure to check out these tips for flying United with kids)
More Car Seats on Airplanes Questions Answered
Need more information on car seats and planes? Check out the all three parts of the complete guide to flying with car seats that cover every stage of your journey:
- Part 1: Car Seats at the Airport
- Part 2: Car Seats on the Plane (you are here)
- Part 3: Car Seats at Your Destination
Sally says
Hi,
Help!
I see the Cosco Scenera car seat is 17" wide, and you recommend 16" wide. I'm hoping it will work in an 18" UAL economy plus bulkhead seat. Do you know if it's compatible? (We currently have the Britax Marathon 70, which is 18.5" - I'd consider getting another seat for air travel, but want to make sure it will fit in the bulkhead seats!)
MANY THANKS!!!
tripswithtykes says
I've never used the Cosco Scenera in a bulkhead seat but it is about as narrow as a car seat comes, so if anything fits, it would be this one, particularly in E+. The width is only a problem at the place where the armrests hit, so width higher up isn't really a problem.
Sally says
Okay, thanks so much! I went ahead and got one -- it's SO LIGHT compared to our Britax! That alone will make maneuvering around the airport easier. I'll try to remember to update you after the journey is over. 🙂
Sally says
An update to anyone else who is reading this and wondering if the Cosco Scenera Next will fit in bulkhead seats: YES!!!
It fit in both United and All Nippon Airways bulkheads, and also had no issues fitting in a normal, non-bulkhead seat on ANA and Thai Airways. It was GREAT to travel with - super light to haul through the airports (we used it with the Traveling Toddler Car Seat Travel Accessory). I flew one way alone with my daughter (14 hours to Tokyo, 7 hours to Bangkok, 1 hour to final destination!) and I am not sure if I could have done it with a heavier car seat. Can't say enough good things about it! Totally and completely worth the $45.
My one recommendation if you're traveling overseas is double check if you'll need a car seat lock clip for the car seat installation once you're there - some countries don't have the locking seat belts, so it's good to have that on hand just in case. Good luck!
tripswithtykes says
Sally, thanks so much for coming back to comment and to share your experience! We've recently traveled on Southwest domestically and had no trouble with the Cosco Scenera NEXT fitting (even with the armrest down), so glad to get a report from other airlines - especially in the bulkhead seat! I have a review coming any day now on the car seat, so this is awesome timing.
Great reminder on the locking seat belts. We are headed to Mexico and Panama with this car seat in a few weeks so checking up on that.
Anonymous says
One minor correction. If the car seat is not/can not be used in flight the airline will plane side check it for you and return it to the jet bridge after the flight. It was mentioned you either need to use it or check it at the counter which is what I'm correcting.
Anna says
Thank you! I found so much useful information in this post! We are flying to from Dallas to Oakland in July with three small kids (our oldest is four). We would like to bring car seats for all of them. Do you know if we will be allowed to install two car seats in one row (window and middle seat)? Or will we have to install them all in window seats so that one child will have to sit on its own?
Helen Liljewall says
Would you recommend using the CARES harness over bringing the cosco scenera onto the plane? We have 2 littles (ages 1 & 2.5) so are trying to figure out the most streamlined way to travel. Also, do you know how to attach the cosco scenera to the britax cart? We have the britax cart and don't want to invest in yet another baby travel piece (gogobabyz). Thank you!
breekopti@gmail.com says
Hi Helen,
Did you try CARES? I am wondering the same thing. I imaging undoing the large clasp on the plane seat belt will be a fun game for my 18m old to play all flight with this. That is the only thing that puts me off going for CARES instead!
Bree
Jen says
Hi Bree & Helen,
Did you end up using CARES? I have the same questions / hesitations as you both did for our 16 month old. We are flying Chicago to LAX (4.5 hours) then LAX to Maui (5.5 hours). I want him to sleep but we don’t drive that much as is so he’s probably only in his car seat an hour or two a month. He’s not super used to his car seat anyways. Maybe a CARES and a kiddie size neck pillow?
Thank you in advance!
Lena says
Thanks for this great information. Regarding preventing other passengers from being able to recline, I disagree on the "be firm but polite" stance. On a long-haul flight a free drink will in no way compensate that person for their lack of ability to sleep. There is no justifiable reason for the car seat to remain rear facing for the entire flight. After take off you can just turn the seat to forward facing, regardless of whether or not it's designed to be that way. If the plane decides to fall from the sky mid-flight, rear facing wil not offer any protection. We just don't need to be giving flight attendants excuses to make it harder for us to use our car seats.
Lauren Reese says
Respectfully, I have to side with the article's author. The article has it correct. For one, trying to swap a carseat around (especially one that doesn't actually have an ability to forward face, like infant car seats) mid-flight sounds like a disaster. Furthermore, installing an infant seat forward facing, where it is no longer at a safe incline, makes the seat itself unsafe for the baby because their head can tilt forward, restricting airflow. (this is why you're not supposed to let babies nap in infant carriers outside of the car, where the incline is well-controlled). Take-off and landing are the most crucial times, but turbulence can happen anywhere, without warning, which can lead to tragedy if the baby is not in the car seat. Plus, a properly installed car seat means a better chance that the kid will sleep. Not being able to recline the seat may keep one passenger awake, but a crying, uncomfortable baby will keep them all awake.
Rachel says
I've just been told by a United Airlines representative that the carseat must only be installed in a window seat. Can anyone confirm this? I had been hoping to install it in the aisle seat so my older child could have the window!
tripswithtykes says
The representative is correct. The car seat has to be in a window seat because it otherwise blocks the exit path for people in the window/middle (see #11 in the post above). Prep your older child that little brother/sis will have to have the window!
Mario says
Forgive me if this was already asked but we are traveling with two kids and two car seats next month from LAX to BCN. One flight on Swiss Air has three seats in the middle row (2/3/2 config. AB/DEF/KL) and we were hoping to put our kids in two of the middle seats (E&F) and my wife and I would sit next to them in seats D&K. Theoretically, the seats wouldn't be blocking any other passengers since, in the case of an emergency, my wife and I would grab the nearest child and exit. Also, on a shorter flight, the configuration is the typical three seats on each side. What is the best way for a family of four with two car seats to travel? Hearing we can only put the car seat in window seats makes me think it would be best to pick window and middle seat in two consecutive rows. Any insight would be appreciated.
joann says
this is great info. my son is almost 3 (in December) and weighs 35 lbs. would the cosco scenera be a good idea to get or should I get something with a higher weight capacity in order to get more life out of the carseat? If so, what is the next size up carseat you would recommend that is also not wide and still around 10lbs? TIA
Laura says
For those who have used the cares harness, can you tell me if/how your child sleeps in it? We are considering it for our 15 month old who is just over the 22 inch limit. We have a very long flight in which I hope he can get his 2 naps in. My hope is to use it instead of a car seat so that if he's miserable being restrained we can let him at least move around on his seat and floor area-w/out a bulky car seat in the way. -Also, if he can't fall asleep in the care harness, I'm guessing the flight attendants won't let them sleep lying across their seat if the seat belt sign is illuminated will they? The last thing I want is to wake him up after he's finally fallen asleep. Thanks
tripswithtykes says
My kids never slept in the CARES -- it keeps them sitting fairly upright. We would often move my son to a carrier like the Ergo so he would sleep on my chest instead. Not as safe obviously, but at least he was attached to me (and I was belted in) so he had some protection from turbulence. We have often also been able to have our children stretch out lying across the seat as long as they were belted when the seat belt sign is on. Awkward, but can be done.
Ashley H. says
Help!
Traveling with our baby (she’ll be 4 months when we fly). Wondering if I need to bring the car seat base on the airplane? Probably a silly question but I can’t find the answer anywhere 🙁
Thank you!
tripswithtykes says
You don't need the infant car seat base to fly. In fact, you likely can't even strap it in correctly with the airplane belt. We always traveled without the base.
Amy says
Thank you for this very informative post! The link to the airline rules was very helpful and reconfirmed all that you mentioned! Appreciate you sharing your knowledge and helping me make the decision to take our car seat on board!
Generoso says
Has anyone been told that an airline's regulations do not allow a car seat to be installed goes across the top of the car seat? I just flew on a cathay pacific flight and was show a regulation in their employee manual that says this. They told me that i should have bought the car seat base onto the plane.
L says
Unfortunately these rules apply only to US based carriers. Cathay Pacific is actually one of the hardest to deal with in terms of car seat use on board!
Kelly says
This is very helpful, thanks! I'm about to fly with my two year old boy who does not hold still very well! In your experience, are children more successful at staying in their seat (and possibly sleeping) if they are in the car seat? Will the tray on the back of the seat still come down, or will the car seat get in the way? Do you think it's worth the hassle, solely for the success of the flight? (We have alternate arrangements for the car rides). TIA!
Jenni Kumimoto says
Thanks for the great info! I have a question about the CARES harness, does it have a crotch strap also? In worried about my squirmy 2 year old wiggling his way under the lap belt. Do you have any advice for this?
Thanks!
Valerie says
I just had a horrible experience with Frontier with the carseat. We purchased a ticket for my daughter and brought a 3in1 carseat with the intention of using it as a rear-face (she is just over a year, almost 20lbs). It fit on the way there, but on the way back the (non-moving) seats where we were assigned to were either more reclined or closer together than the previous flight. The flight attendant called the gate agent to see if we could switch seats; the gate agent was horrible and insisted we just check the carseat. Finally the flight attendant recommended we forward face the seat; in the meantime the gate agent was suggesting she’d throw us off the flight if we wouldn’t “cooperate”. Without many other options I ended up agreeing to forward face her, but had to change the car seat straps, etc to make it work; as I’m trying to install the forward facing seat the gate agent is now telling me she needs to close the door and if I don’t finish installing it (that’s what I’m trying to do!) she’s going to take me off the flight. It was horrible! I’ve since spoken with multiple people at Frontier and they’ve apologized, said this was against their policies, etc; but it still happened and isn’t an experience anyone should go though. Hindsight I probably should have printed out a copy of the FAA regs (they do state that the airline has to assign you another seat if the carseat doesn’t fit; and that they are required to allow you to use an FAA approved car seat, per manufacturer recommendation, as long as you have purchased a seat).
Valerie says
Since several people were asking about the CARES harness, we have one of these for my (almost) 4yr old son. He’s been using it for about 2 years. He sleeps in it for a while (he also can fall asleep in his more or less upright forward facing carseat during car rides), but in an international flight, he will usually end up lying across us after several hours. We also purchased carseat shoulder pad covers to make it softer to lay his head and these go over the buckle - not all brands fit - the buckle is thicker than a normal strap. We’ve only once (in probably almost a dozen flights) had a problem with a flight attendant not wanting us to use it at first - but when I pushed back she asked around and it turned out another flight attendant had one for her kid. Overall I highly recommend it and (especially after our most recent experience) cant wait till my daughter is big enough for one so we don’t have to deal with a carseat in the plane.
Brittany Fry says
It states that it is recommended to have an FAA seat but is it required?
Considerate traveler says
Would love to have a proper discussion on whether or not it's okay to block the ability on the person in front of you from reclining. A short domestic trip is one thing, anything over 2.5hrs starts to really push it and affect the comfort of other passengers that are not family.